4. How to Deliver the Curriculum

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affective preceptor series how to
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deliver the curriculum do you remember
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being a medical student meeting your
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first preceptor what was expected of you
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were those expectations clear or did you
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have to guess what the preceptor wanted
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what were the goals and objectives and
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how are you going to be evaluated
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today’s students even preceptors have
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the same questions and the answers are
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found in this educational curriculum
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a curriculum is a means to an end just
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as a ship’s captain wouldn’t take a
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vessel out to sea without a destination
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and a map students need direction and
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guidance in order to become competent
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physicians
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the curriculum addresses three essential
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questions about teaching and learning
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what knowledge and skills do we want
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students to have when they finish
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medical school how do we ensure that
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students have attained the desired
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understanding and proficiencies and what
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are the best learning strategies or
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teaching techniques to help students
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achieve at the outlined objectives
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the curriculum includes the following
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desired outcomes objectives evaluation
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or assessment techniques content or
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topic areas learning strategies and
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resources
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let’s take a look at each of these
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individually
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outcomes are the final results of the
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educational process the ship’s captain
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uses navigational devices to get to the
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destination the desired outcome for the
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clerkship is that all students will be
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able to provide appropriate care to
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patients at the end of their rotation
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objectives clarify and delineate each
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outcome objectives must be written in
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measurable terms here are some good
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examples of preventive care objectives
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the student will be able to counsel the
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patient on contraceptive use the student
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conducts a patient history in physical
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with 95 percent accuracy
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note that these objectives have
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measurable action verbs and each
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objective is linked with an evaluation
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technique your clerkship director has
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already established clerkship wide
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objectives many of which can be found on
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the aapko website under medical student
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educational objectives evaluation
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techniques are linked with specific
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learning objectives if objectives are
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well-written choosing the evaluation
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technique is usually straightforward for
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example a preceptor could observe the
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student perform a physical exam or
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counsel a patient
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evaluation of student performance should
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involve multiple valid and reliable
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assessment methods occur over time
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derive from multiple settings be
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specific and be user-friendly for
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learners and evaluators there is no
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single best learning strategy how you
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teach should be based on your comfort
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level and experience the nature of the
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objective and how you plan to evaluate
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the student some students learn better
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when you explain things verbally while
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others need a more visual approach the
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aapko medical student objectives suggest
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various teaching methods to teach
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content including case-based learning
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didactic sessions clinical setting
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readings roleplay and simulations
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the aapko website is an excellent place
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for resources it has the latest edition
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of aapko medical student educational
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objectives
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your clerkship director will be able to
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provide the department’s username and
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password for access to this resource
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let’s go through a quick example of an
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objective and how it can be used as a
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guide describe genetic screening options
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in pregnancy
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this can be taught via case-based
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learning clinical experience and
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independent learning or lecture aapko
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provides the online teaching case you
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eyes questions and even an animated
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video to help you guide the learner in
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achieving mastery of this objective
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evaluation can be done via
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multiple-choice questions an oral exam
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or the objective standardized clinical
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examination hopefully you now have a
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better understanding of the importance
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of curriculum spend a few minutes with
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your student at the beginning of each
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view preceptorship reviewing the
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following what are the expected outcomes
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what objectives should your student
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achieve how should they achieve these
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objectives how will your student be
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evaluated and how does your student
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learn best if you both agree on the
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curriculum and periodically map your
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progress you will be rewarded with
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smooth sailing and a satisfying and
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successful experience
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you